Paper no.12 English Language Teaching-1 Assignment

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q Name:- Lalji. G. Baraiya.

q Course:- M.A.-2 , Sm-3.

q Year:- 2019-’20.

q Roll no.:- 17.

q Enrollment no.:-2069108420190001.

q G-mail Id.:- laljibaraiya789@gmail.com.

q Paper no.:- 12(English Language Teaching-1).

q Total words:-  1,839

q  Submitted to:- Smt. S.B.Gardi.Dep.of Engllish Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University.

vEnglish language for Specific Purposes

vIntroduction:-

 According to Robert Henry Robins that,

                    “Language is a system of conventional spoken, manual, or written symbols by means of which human beings, as members of a social group and participants in its culture express themselves. The functions of language include communication, the expression of identity, play, imaginative expression, and emotional release.

                           So that Language play whopping roll in to link each other but If we don’t know all language so that we face many problems into communication through languages. Nowadays many debits and talk Show happening on what is important for us native language or foreign language? Sometimes people give different types of metaphor of the language. So here I want to share some views about ‘ESP’ which known English language for Specific Purposes with differences as second language.

vImportance of English Language:-

1)  It’s the most commonly spoken language in the world 

2)   It’s the language of international business

3)    Most movies are in English

4)    It’s easy to learn

5)    It helps you understand other languages

6)     English’s best assets is its flexibility

7)     It can be used around the world

8)    It’s the language of the internet

9)    It continues to change

vAbout ‘ESP’:-

                                        ‘ESP’ means that English for specific purposes. It means that English language learning for some kind of certain subject or profession. I want to say that someone is going Africa for teaching business English so there are students may be can’t communicate in African language but through African English language or native language. English for Specific Purpose has stream of working for increasing English language. There are English language became as a bridge of two communicators which working with proper rules, discipline. So this method makes communication specific. As result of this method I want to say that here this method focuses on how we communicate and learning it.

                                        I am going to talk about the development of English as particularly English as an international language. When a language is called the lingua franca, we clearly know that it is a language that is widely used as a means of communication among speakers of other languages.

                          The acknowledgement of English language as the lingua franca of most activity in the international setting has been generally recognized (Crystal, 1997) and it is not a shocking phenomenon that most people learn English just to communicate with English speaking people. In the era of globalization people have now realized the importance of English and the need to master the English language although the role English has expanded tremendously. This can be seen in the use of English at a higher level of education as in ‘specialized area of research and scholarship’ (Faiz, 2010) and the most apparent proof can be seen in the number of English speakers.

                             English for specific purpose had emerged because of numerous unified trends based on notably three main reasons that have been identified in the emergence of ESP:-

1)  The demands of a Brave New World

2)  A revolution in linguistics

3)  Focus on the learner.

                        Hutchinson and Waters (1987) have emphasized two key historical periods that gave life into ESP.

                              English for specific purposes has a subset of English as a second language or foreign language. Normally It’s refers to teaching the English language to university students or people already in employment, with reference to the particular vocabulary and skills they need.

                              As with any language thought for particular objects a given course of ESP will focus on one occupation or profession, for example, Technical English, Scientific English, English for medical professionals, English for waiters, English for tourism… etc. Despite the seemingly limited focus, a course of ESP can have a wide-ranging impact, as is the case with Environmental English. (Wikipedia)

English for academic purposes is taught to students before or during their degrees, is one sort of ESP, as is Business English. Aviation English is taught to pilots, air traffic controllers and civil aviation cadets to enable clear radio communications. (Wikipedia)

                              At the Conference at Japan on ESP, there are mentioned that differences to how people interpreted the meaning of ESP?. Somebody interpreted ESP for simply being the teaching of English for any purpose that could be specified. Others were more precise, describing it is for the teaching of English used in academic studies or the teaching of English for vocational or professional purposes.

vCharacteristics of ‘ESP’:-

                       ‘ESP’ community in Japan, Dudley-Evans given following characteristic…

A)Specific needs of the learners:-

                              Normally ‘ESP’ focused on increasing of learners so that how help English for specific purpose it’s more important. Here ESP pay attention of learners curiosity for knowing and fulfill their ambition specific way.

B)                 Use of underlying methodology:-

                             English for specific purposes used of underlying methodology and used specific tools and activities to improving of the learners. There was specifically work on basic skill also. Use of underlying often remembering and highlighting so that was attracted to learn something new. Moreover this method used various activities which create specific discipline.

C) ESP is centered on the language:-

                             English for specific purpose method determined of language and grammar also. There are use of various activities for that like as, terms of grammar, lexis, register, study skills, discourse and genre.

D)                Designed for specific disciplines:-

                             English for specific purpose create specific discipline for learners because It’s not used general English grammar, vocabulary but specific way uses all things.

E) Specific teaching situations:-

                                   ‘ESP’ also create new environment for learners because when we studies English language as a general way so we never get knowledge without basic but specific purpose also leads to learn to studies some kind of different subject and language also.

F) Use of different type of methodology:-

                            We can’t learn through traditional method like Grammar transition method but there are used of various methodology and technology also for create live class or make bridge between them. There are used certain words, language and approach for improving English language. Here general English useful but few use of that.

G) Designed for intermediate or advanced students:-

                          Generally English language used by everybody with different perspective but here English language designed for intermediate or advanced students. Sometimes ESP working like as to be designed for adult learners and a tertiary level institution or in a professional work situation. So that here English Language working specific way rather than common English language.

vDifferent between General English and ESP:-

                                       According to Hutchinson’s point of view that, "in theory nothing rather than in practice a great deal". When their book was written at that time his the last statement was quite true. During that time the teacher of General English courses while acknowledging that students had a specific purpose for studying English which would be generally conducted to need of analysis to find out what was necessary to actually achieve it.

                                      Moreover nowadays teacher are more aware about the importance of need of analysis or certainly materials writers think very carefully about the goals of learners at all stages of materials production. Although there are demonstrate the influence of that the ESP approach has had on English teaching in general. Clearly the line between where General English courses stop and ESP courses start had become very vague indeed.

vRole of teacher and learner:-

                           If We talked about roll of teacher and students so one thing is clear that while many General English teacher can be described as using an ESP approach with basing their syllabi on necessary of learners specific way analysis and their own specialist knowledge of using English for real communication. It is happening in so many cases so that we called that ESP teachers that are using an approach furthest from that described above.

                               Instead of conducting interviews with specialists in the field, analyzing the language that is required in the profession and even conducting students' needs analysis, many ESP teachers have become slaves of the published textbooks available, unable to evaluate their suitability based on personal experience and unwilling to do the necessary analysis of difficult specialist texts to verify their contents.

vConclusion:-

                           Another factor that contributes to the emergence of ESP is a revolution in linguistics. In this period of time, the demands of English courses for specific need were increasing while at the same time new ideas began to take place in the field of study (Hutchinson & Waters, 1987). The conventional linguists sought to describe the features of language (grammar), whereas the radical pioneer in linguistics put a focus on the ways in which language is used in real communication (Widdowson, 1978).

                           The other reason that leads to the origin of ESP is the focus on the learner, which in this case in the area of psychology. The development of educational psychology has contributed to the emergence of ESP by focusing on the learners and their learning attitudes. It was clear that different learners have different needs and interests which will then affect their learning motivation and the effectiveness of learning.

                            We have now explored English for Specific Purposes (ESP) comprehensively and thoroughly starting from its history and development and we have had better understandings towards this area of English. We could say that English for Specific Purposes has developed out of the need to provide specific courses for students who had to learn English more as a means to an end rather than for the sake of learning English itself. In this case ESP is based largely on the goals and requirements that students have because when students have little or no basic knowledge in English, then teaching it for a specific purpose would be almost impossible. All in all, ESP can be simply deduced as the use of specific variety of English in a specific context to meet specific needs of the learner.

                            The guiding principle proposed for ESP by Hutchinson and Waters (1987: 8) “Tell me what you need English for and I will tell you what English you need” is in perfect accord with the above statement along with the history and development of ESP. Based on the history and development of ESP discussed above, we can see that the learners’ needs of English play an important role in developing and designing the learning materials to fulfill their specific needs.

vReferences:-

(contributors)

Works Cited

contributors, Wikipedia. English for specific purposes. 2019 Aug. 8. The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia. 2019 sep. 23 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_for_specific_purposes>.

Dudley-Evans, Tony (1998). Developments in English for Specific Purposes: A multi-disciplinary approach. Cambridge University Press. (Forthcoming)
Hutchinson, Tom & Waters, Alan (1987). English for Specific Purposes: A learner-centered approach. Cambridge University Press.
Johns, Ann M. & Dudley-Evans, Tony (1991). English for Specific Purposes: International in Scope, Specific in Purpose. TESOL Quarterly 25:2, 297-314.
Strevens, P. (1988). ESP after twenty years: A re-appraisal. In M. Tickoo (Ed.), ESP: State of the art (1-13). SEAMEO Regional Language Centre.
"What Is English For Specific Purposes English Language Essay." UKEssays.com. 11 2018. All Answers Ltd. 09 2019 <https://www.ukessays.com/essays/english-language/what-is-english-for-specific-purposes-english-language-essay.php?vref=1>.